Author

Begin each source entry with the name of the author(s) or creator(s). The name of the first author is always inverted (Last name, First name).... When a source has two authors, the second author’s name is shown in the normal order (First name Last name).

For sources with three or more authors, state only the first author’s name, followed by “et al.”

1 author Johnson, David.
2 authors Johnson, David, and Valerie Smith
3+ authors Johnson, David, et al.
The author of a source is not necessarily a person; it can also be an organization. If so, simply use the name of the organization.

However, if the organization is both the author and publisher, start with the title of the source instead.

Title

Always include the full title of the source, including subtitles (separated by a colon and space). Use title case—capitalize all words apart ...
from conjunctions, prepositions, and articles. If there is no title, give a short description of the source, with normal sentence case capitalization.

The styling of the title depends on the type of source:

Italics when the source is self-contained (e.g. a whole book, movie or website).
Quotation marks when the source is part of a larger whole (e.g. a chapter of a book, a page on a website, or an article in a journal).
No styling when describing a source without a title.

Version

When there is more than one version of a source, you should include the version you used. For example, a second-edition book, an expanded version of a collection ...
or a director’s cut of a movie would require the version to be included:

Porter, Michael E. Competitive Strategy: Techniques for Analyzing Industries and Competitors. 2nd ed., Simon and Schuster, 1998.

Columbus, Chris, director. Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets. director’s cut, Warner Bros., 2002.

Publisher

Book and movie citations always include the publisher element. The publisher is the company responsible for producing and distributing the source—usually a book ...
publisher (e.g. Macmillan or Oxford UP) or a movie production company (e.g. Paramount Pictures or Warner Bros).

Note that “University Press” is abbreviated to “UP” in a Works Cited entry. For example, the University of Minnesota Press becomes “U of Minnesota P”; Oxford University Press becomes “Oxford UP.”

When not to add a publisher

Sometimes the publisher is already included elsewhere in the source entry, such as in the container title or author element. For example, the publisher of a website is often the same as the website name. In this case, omit the publisher element.

You generally don’t need to include a publisher for the following source types:

Websites
Journals
Newspapers and magazines
Platforms like YouTube, Netflix, or JSTOR

Publication date

When available, always include the publication year. If you also know the month, day, or even time of publication, you can include this if it helps ...
the reader to locate the source. Date ranges are also possible. For example:

2003
25 Jan. 2019
14 Aug. 2017, 4:45 p.m.
Jan. 2017–Apr. 2018
Multiple publication dates

If there is more than one publication date, use the one that is most relevant to your research and take the date of the edition that you have used.

No date

When a source does not state a publication date, add the date on which you accessed the information. For example: Accessed 22 Sep. 2018.